List of wars involving Iran

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The following is an historical overview of wars and conflicts involving Iran/Persia. This list is far from complete.

History of Iran
ANCIENT
Proto-Elamite 3200–2700 BCE
Elam 2700–539 BCE
Mannaeans 850–616 BCE
IMPERIAL
Median Empire 678–550 BCE
(Scythian Kingdom 652–625 BCE)
Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BCE
Atropatene 320s BC – 3rd century AD
Seleucid Empire 312–63 BCE
Parthian Empire 247 BCE – 224 CE
Sasanian Empire 224–651
(Dabuyid dynasty 642–760)
(Masmughans of Damavand 650–760)
(Paduspanids 665–1598)
(Bavand dynasty 665–1349)
MIDDLE AGES
Umayyad Caliphate 661–750
Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258
Justanids 791–974	Tahirid dynasty 821–873
Samanid Dynasty 819–999
Saffarid Dynasty 867–1002	Ziyarid Dynasty 928–1043
Sallarid dynasty 919–1062
Sajid dynasty 889/890–929
Buyid Dynasty 934–1055	Ilyasids 932–968
Ghaznavid Empire 963–1186
Kakuyids 1008–1141
Great Seljuq Empire 1037–1194
Atabegs of Yazd 1141–1319
Ghurid Dynasty 1148–1215
Khwarazmian Empire 1077–1231
Mihrabanids 1236–1537
Kurt Dynasty 1244–1396
Ilkhanate Empire 1256–1335
Chobanid Dynasty 1335–1357	Muzaffarid Dynasty 1335–1393
Jalayirid Dynasty 1336–1432	Sarbadars 1337–1376
Afrasiab dynasty 1349–1504
Timurid Empire 1370–1405
Qara Qoyunlu 1406–1468	Timurid Dynasty 1405–1507
Agh Qoyunlu 1468–1508
EARLY MODERN
Safavid Empire 1501–1736
(Hotaki Dynasty 1722–1729)
Afsharid Empire 1736–1747
Zand Dynasty 1760–1794	Afsharid Dynasty 1747–1796
Qajar Empire 1796–1925
MODERN
Pahlavi Dynasty 1925–1979
Interim Government 1979–1980
Islamic Republic 1980–present
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Conflict	Iran and allies	Opponents	Results
Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC)
Persian Revolt (552–549 BC)	Persis	Median Empire	Victory By conquering Media, Iran became an empire.
Conquest of Lydia (547 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Lydian Empire	Victory Lydia annexed by Iran.
Conquest of Babylonia (540–539 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Neo-Babylonian Empire	Victory Neo-Babylonian Empire annexed by Iran.
Conquest of Egypt (525 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Kingdom of Egypt	Victory Egypt annexed by Iran.
Invasion of Indus Valley (518 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Haryanka dynasty	Victory Gandhara and Taxila annexed by Iran.
Greco-Persian Wars (499–449 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Greek city states Delian League	Defeat Macedon, Thrace and Ionia gained independence.
Battle of Cunaxa (401 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Cyrus the Younger	Victory Artaxerxes II still in full control of the kingdom.
Artaxerxes' II Cadusian Campaign (385 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Cadusii	Defeat, but diplomatic success Negotiated peace with rival chiefs.
Revolt of the Satraps (372–362 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Rebel satrapies	Victory Rebellions chrushed.
Macedon invasion of Iran (355–328 BC)	Achaemenid Empire	Macedon	Defeat Iran conquered by the army of Alexander the Great.
Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD)
Seleucid–Parthian Wars (238 BC–129 BC)	Parthian Empire	Seleucid Empire	Victory Expulsion of the Seleucids from Iran.
Armenian–Parthian War (87–85 BC)	Parthian Empire	Kingdom of Armenia	Defeat Osroene and Atrpatakan loyalty to Tigranes the Great.
Roman–Parthian Wars (66 BC–217 AD)	Parthian Empire Kingdom of Armenia	Roman Republic Pontus	Status quo ante bellum Borders changed several times.
Sassanid Empire (224–651)
Roman-Sassanid Wars (232–440)	Sassanid Empire	Roman Empire	Status quo ante bellum Borders changed several times.
Byzantine–Sassanid Wars (502–628)	Sassanid Empire	Byzantine Empire	Status quo ante bellum Borders changed several times.
Ethiopian–Persian Wars (570–578)	Sassanid Empire	Kingdom of Aksum	Victory Ethiopians expelled from the Himyarite Kingdom.
First Perso-Turkic War (588–589)	Sassanid Empire	Hephthalite Empire Göktürks	Victory The Sassanids captured Balkh.
Second Perso-Turkic War (588–589)	Sassanid Empire	Western Turkic Khaganate Hephthalite Empire	Victory Turkic invasion of Iran repelled.
Third Perso-Turkic War (627–629)	Sassanid Empire	Western Turkic Khaganate Byzantine Empire	Defeat Byzantine control of Georgia.
Muslim conquest of Persia (633–644)	Sassanid Empire  Arab Christians	Rashidun Caliphate	Defeat Fall of the Sassanid Empire
Saffarid Dynasty (861–1003)
Ghaznavid Dynasty (962–1186)
Khwarazmian Dynasty (1077–1231)
Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia (1218–1221)	Khwarazmian dynasty	Mongol Empire	Defeat Khwarezmia added to the Mongol Empire.
Timurid Dynasty (1370–1507)
Campaigns of Timur (1380–1402)	Timurid dynasty	Golden Horde  Ottoman Empire Muzaffarids Jalayirid Sultanate Tughlaq dynasty	Victory Rise of the Timurid Empire in Iran. The Delhi Sultanate became an Iranian vassal. Outbreak of the Ottoman Civil War.
Timurid Civil Wars (1405–~1501)	Various factions	Various factions	Collapse of the dynasty Rise of the Shiite Safavid dynasty.
Safavid Dynasty (1501–1736)
Persian-Uzbek Wars (1502–1510)	Safavid dynasty	Shaybanids	Victory Fall of the Shaybanid Empire.
Battle of Chaldiran (1514)	Safavid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Defeat End of Shia uprisings in the Ottoman Empire.
Ottoman–Safavid War of 1523 (1532–1555)	Safavid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Defeat Ottomans captured Lower Mesopotamia and Baghdad.
Ottoman–Safavid War of 1578 (1578–1590)	Safavid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Defeat Treaty of Constantinople (1590).
Ottoman–Safavid War of 1603 (1603–1618)	Safavid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Victory Persian conquest of Shirvan and Kurdistan.
Ottoman–Safavid War of 1623 (1623–1639)	Safavid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Defeat Partition of Caucasus, Ottoman control of Iraq.
Hotaki-Safavid War (1709–~1722)	Safavid dynasty	Hotaki dynasty	Regime change Afghan control of most of Iran.
Russo-Persian War of 1722 (1722–1723)	Safavid dynasty	Russian Empire  Cossack Hetmanate  Georgia  Armenia	Defeat Russians capture Derbent, Baku, and the provinces ofShirvan, Gilan, Mazandaran, and Astrabad.
Hotaki Dynasty (1709–1738)
Ottoman-Hotaki War of 1722 (1722–1727)	Hotaki dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Victory, but diplomatic defeat Persian territorial cessions to the Ottomans.
Afsharid-Hotaki War (1720s–1738)	Hotaki dynasty	Afsharid dynasty	Regime change End of the Afghan rule in Persia.
Afsharid Dynasty (1736–1796)
Afsharid–Ottoman War War of 1730 (1730–1735)	Afsharid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Victory Persian conquest of Armenia and Georgia.
Nadir Shah's invasion of India (1738–1739)	Afsharid dynasty	Mughal Empire	Victory Persian plundering of India.
Afsharid–Ottoman War War of 1743 (1743–1746)	Afsharid dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Stalemate Treaty of Kerden
Civil War between Afsharid and Qajar (1747–1796)	Afsharid dynasty	Qajar Dynasty	Regime change Mohammad Khan Qajar became the Shah of Iran.
Qajar Dynasty (1785–1925)
Battle of Krtsanisi (1795)	Qajar dynasty	Kartli-Kakheti  Imereti	Victory Tbilisi sacked by Iranian troops.
Persian Expedition (1796)	Qajar dynasty	Russian Empire	Victory Tactical Russian withdrawal from Iran.
Russo-Persian War of 1804 (1804–1813)	Qajar dynasty	Russian Empire	Defeat Russia held on to disputed territories.
Ottoman–Persian War of 1821 (1821–1823)	Qajar dynasty	Ottoman Empire	Stalemate Treaty of Erzurum, status quo ante bellum.
Russo-Persian War of 1826 (1826–1828)	Qajar dynasty	Russian Empire	Defeat Treaty of Turkmenchay.
Siege of Herat (1838)	Qajar dynasty	Afghanistan	Defeat Persian withdrawal from Herat.
Anglo-Persian War (1856–1857)	Qajar dynasty	United Kingdom  East India Company  Afghanistan	Defeat Persian withdrawal from Herat.
Pahlavi Dynasty (1925–1979)
Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran (1941)	Iran	Soviet Union  United Kingdom  India	Defeat Abdication of Rezā Shāh, Allied occupation of Iran.
Iran-Azerbaijan Crisis (1945–1946)	Iran	Mahabad  Azerbaijan	Victory Dissolution of Mahabad and Azerbaijan.
Balochistan conflict (1948–ongoing)	Pakistan  Iran	BLA  BRA  Jundallah  Lashkar-e-Jhangvi  Sipah-e-Sahaba	Ongoing Violence mostly subdued; talks underway as of May 2012.
Iranian coup conflict (1953)	National Front	Pahlavi Dynasty  United States  United Kingdom	Regime change Overthrow of Mosaddegh.
Seizure of Abu Musa and the Greater and Lesser Tunbs (1971)	Iran	Sharjah	Victory Iran takes control of all three islands
Dhofar Rebellion (1973–1976)[1]	Iran  Oman	PFLOAG  PFLO	Victory Defeat of insurgents, modernization of Oman.
Islamic Republic of Iran (1979–)
Iranian Revolution (1978–1979)	Pahlavi Dynasty  SAVAK	Revolution Council  IRP	Regime change Overthrow of the Shah, Iran became an Islamic Republic.
Post-Revolution conflict (1979–1983)	Iran  IRP	PRG  NCRI  Pahlavi loyalists  CPI  Tudeh Party  Fedayeen  Iraq	Victory Resignation of Provisional Islamic Revolutionary Government Consolidation of power by the Islamic Republican Party Armed opposition largely marginalized.
Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988)	Iran  KDP  PUK	Iraq  MEK	Stalemate Both Iraq and Iran accepted UNSC Resolution 598. Return to status quo, observed by UNIIMOG.
Iran–PJAK Conflict (2004–2011)	Iran	PJAK	Victory PJAK withdrawal from Iranian territory.